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Species Patent on Transgenic Soybeans Granted to Transnational Chemical Giant W.R. Grace

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The Implications of a Species Patent; Indian Government Revokes Agracetus Species Patent on Cotton

ISSUE: On March 2, 1994 Agracetus, Inc. (a subsidiary of W.R. Grace & Co.) received a European Patent on all transgenic soybean varieties. The company has a similar patent pending in the USA. In addition, Agracetus has a world patent (WIPO) pending for genetic transformation of rice.

IMPACT: Sweeping patent claims on all transgenic soybeans, a previous patent on all transgenic cotton, and a portfolio of patents pending on other major crops--(rice, groundnuts, maize and more) give W.R. Grace legal monopolies and exclusive control over any genetically engineered variety of soybeans and cotton for the life of the patent. A major chemical corporation is thus positioned to control the direction of future biotechnology research on two of the world's major food and industrial crops. These shocking examples of species-wide" patent claims confirm that the intellectual property system as applied to biotechnology products and processes is out of control, posing a serious threat to global food security and the well-being of small farmers.

Volume 1, #1 The Benefits of Biodiversity

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100+ Examples of the Contribution by Indigenous and Rural Communities in the South to Development in the North

RAFI presents data from dozens of scientific and trade journals to illustrate the enormous contribution made by farmers and indigenous peoples in the South to the wellbeing of Northern citizens, and/or the economic benefit to industry in the North. A 14 page document.

Temas relacionados: 
Derechos humanos / Derechos de los Agricultores
Biodiversidad y diversidad cultural

The Patenting of Human Genetic Material

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Who Owns the Human Genome? Patenting the Human Cell Lines of Indigenous People

Issue: In the 1980's US court decisions set international precedent for the patenting of human genetical material. As a result, exclusive monopolies over human genetic materials are becoming commonplace in the industrialized world, without discussion of the social, ethical and political implications. Perhaps most disturbing is the degree to which orinary citizens, both North and South, have been marginalized from discussion and debate on the patenting of human genetic material.

Communiqué Updates

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-Human Genome Diversity Project

-Rubber

-Castor Oil

-Pyrethrum

-US Patents Awarded on Materials Derived from African Plants: Monelli0n and Thaumatin

-Endod

-Citrus

-Bovine Growth Hormone

-Genetically Engineered Human Milk Proteins

-Bio-Piracy and Neem

-Who Owns Bt and

-Potato Blight

Biopiratería: La história de los algodones de pigmentación natural en las Américas

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Monopolios de algodón: Los Algodones de Color Nativos del Perú y Guatemala

Agracetus, una subsidiaria de W.R. Grace, obtuvo una patente increíblemente amplia que cubre todos las variedad de algodón modificadas genéticamente. Este informe da cuenta del primer caso conocido de una patente "de especie", que cubre todas las plantas transgénicas de una especie entera.

Biotechnology Company Will Sell Bio-Engineered Human Proteins to Infant Formula Manufacturers

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Early Warning for Third World Farmers. Update: Bovine Growth Hormone in Mexico

Genpharm claims that its bio-engineered human proteins have the potential to make infant formula more "nutritionally complete." Will infant formula manufacturers revive unethical marketing practices that have led to death and illness for millions of children in the Third World?

Patentes, comunidades indígenas, y diversidad genética humana

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Preservación versus conservación Derechos de propiedad intelectual

RAFI alerta sobre la propuesta infausta del Proyecto de Diversidad Genética Humana para recoger muestras de ADN humano de 722 comunidades en todo el mundo y sobre las graves implicaciones que esto tiene para los pueblos indígenas. ¿Se pueden utilizar los genes de pueblos en peligro de extinción para hacer lucro? ¿Quién se quedará con las ganancias y que beneficios le reportará a los pueblos indígenas?

Patents, Indigenous Peoples, and Human Genetic Diversity

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Preservation Versus Conservation; Intellectual Property Rights

RAFI warns that the Human Genome Diversity Project's outrageous proposal to collect human DNA from 722 communities around the world has serious implications for indigenous peoples. Will profits be made from the genes of poor people whose physical survival is in question? Who will have access and what benefits will accrue to indigenous communities?

Endod - A Case Study of the Use of African Indigenous Knowledge to Address Global Health and Environmental Problems

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What Benefit for Ethiopia? New and Controversial Developments in Intellectual Property

The University of Toledo applies for a patent on Ethiopia's Endod to control zebra mussels, but royalties will not go to the plant's original innovators.

Biotechnology and Natural Rubber - A Report on Work in Progress

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The Quest for Alternative Rubber Sources; Guayule - An Alternative Source of Natural Rubber for the United States

 Will bio-synthesis of natural rubber and the development of rubber-producing substitutes such as guayule adversely affect millions of small-scale rubber producers in Asia, Africa and Latin America?

RAFI surveys current biotech R&D on natural rubber substitutes.

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