RAFI Translator: Security or Dependency?
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Draft World Food Summit Declaration and Plan of Action Entrenches Food Insecurity – but the Debate is Far from Over
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New Questions About Management and Exchange of Human Tissue at NIH / Indigenous Person's Cells Patented
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Human Tissue Collection Initiatives by the U.S. Military; Colombian Indigenous Peoples' Cells in the U.S.; Accompanying maps showing cell collections inColombia and Papua New Guinea
Nuevas Interrogantes Acerca del Manejo e Intercambio de Tejido Humano en el Instituto Nacional de Salud de los Estados Unidos (NIH) Células Indígenas Patentadas
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Iniciativa de colectas de tejido humano del Ejército de Estados Unidos; células colombianas de indígenas en EE.UU, mapas sobre puntos de colecta en Papua Nueva Guinea y en Colombia.
Nadie controla ni monitorea el flujo transfronterizo de recursos genéticos humanos entre investigadores militares y civiles, que se da de forma irrestricta. El patentamiento de una línea celular de una persona de la cultura Hagahai de Papua Nueva Guinea, revela las deficiencias éticas y de derechos humanos en la investigación médica y en los protocolos intergubernamentales.
The Geopolitics of Biodiversity: A Biodiversity Balance Sheet
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Crucial Decisions in 1996. The Real Hot Spots.
RAFI's survey of agricultural biodiversity reveals that 75% of ex situ genetic resources and technology are held in the North, while 83% of in-situ genetic resources and technology are held in the South. Multilateral regimes for agricultural biodiversity management must insure that proceeds from biodiversity benefits go to the South's farmers.
Bioprospección/biopiratería y comunidades indigenas
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Galería de la Verguenza de los Bioprospectores... o Adivine Quién Viene a Piratear sus Plantas! Bilateralismo vs. Multilateralismo
La prospección de la biodiversidad es la exploración, extracción y análisis de los recursos genéticos y biológicos, en sí mismos y en relación a los conocimientos indígenas, para evaluar su posible aplicación industrial como recursos genéticos y bioquímicos de alto valor comercial. En la amplia mayoría de los casos, RAFI los denomina casos de "biopiratería".
Bioprospecting/Biopiracy and Indigenous Peoples
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Bio-Prospectors Hall of Shame...or Guess Who's Coming to Pirate Your Plants?! Pros and Cons of Bilateral Bioprospecting Agreements
ISSUE: Biodiversity prospecting is the exploration, extraction and screening of biological diversity and indigenous knowledge for commercially valuable genetic and biochemical resources. Bilateral bioprospecting agreements are sanctioned by the multilateral Convention on Biological Diversity. In the vast majority of cases, however, commercial bioprospecting agreements cannot be effectively monitored or enforced by source communities, countries, or by the Convention, and amount to little more than "legalized" bio-piracy.
Sixty-Five Years of the U.S. Plant Patent Act (PPA)
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Has the PPA Benefitted Society? The PPA's Relevance for the South.
RAFI examines plant utility patents granted by the US Patent and Trademark Office from 1985 through mid-1995. Utility plant patenting is a threat to world food security; exceedingly broad patents on biological materials and the processes used to manipulate them are "locking up" new plant biotechnologies in the hands of a small number of corporations.
Biopiracy Update: A Global Pandemic
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Cases from Thailand, Gabon, Ecuador, and Peru
This issue looks at biopiracy case studies around the world including super-sweet brazzein from Gabon; the Foundation for Ethnobiology in Thailand; Peruvian indigenous peoples' rejection of Washington University's ICBG project; and more. A detailed list of bioprospecting and biopiracy activities (as of early 1996) is also included.
También en ésta edición...Informe sobre la biopiratería
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Casos de Tailandia, Gabon, Ecuador, y Perú Lista de biopiratería/bioprospección
Este informe analiza estudios de casos en varias partes del mundo, entre ellos, la brazzeina super-dulce de Gabón, la Fundación para la Etnobiología en Tailandia, el rechazo de pueblos indígenas al proyecto ICBG de la Universidad de Washington en Perú y otros. Se incluye también una lista detallada de actividades de biopiratería y bioprospección (hasta 1996).
Annual Report
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Years covered:
1994-1995
PDF File:
Financial Statements
Enviado por ETC Group el
Years covered:
1994-1995
PDF File:
Media Impact Report
Enviado por ETC Group el
RAFI's Publications, Media Coverage, and Outreach
Years covered:
1994-1995
PDF File:
Volume 2, #2 The Hidden Hot Zone
Enviado por ETC Staff el
An Epidemic in Two Parts
Phytophtora infestans, also known as the "late potato blight" is the fungus that caused the Great Potato Famine of 1845-49. One hundred and fifty years later, the blight is back again in new and deadlier forms. Will governments muster the political will to wage a true war against hunger and food insecurity? A nine page document.
Utility Plant Patents: A Review of the U.S. Experience (1985 - July, 1995)
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Staking Ever-Broader Claims on Entire Species and Important Traits; Implications for the South
A detailed examination of the impact of the US Plant Patent Act. Passed by the US Congress in 1930, the PPA is the world's oldest sui generis intellectual property system designed for the patenting of life forms.
Gene Hunters in Search of "Disease Genes" Collect Human DNA from Remote Island Populations
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Indigenous Peoples Assert their Intellectual Integrity; Call for Life forms Patent-Free Zone in the Pacific; Life Forms Patent Update
In the race to identify patent and commercialize human genes, scientists and their corporate partners are collecting DNA samples from remote island populations in the South Atlantic, Micronesia and the east China sea. This issue highlights Sequana's search for the "asthma gene" derived from DNA samples collected from the people of Tristan da Cunha.
Genetically Engineered High-Lauric Rapeseed (Canola): What Threat to Tropical Lauric Oil Producers?
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Genetically Engineered Designer Oilseeds: What's in the Pipeline? Coconut: Pillar of the Economy or Sunset Industry for the Phillipines?
In 1995, Calgene commercialized a genetically modified rapeseed that produces the lauric fatty acid - a product derived traditionally from tropical oils Will Calgene's high-lauric rapeseed displace markets for coconut and palm kernel oil producers in the tropics?
Microbial Genetic Resources
Enviado por ETC Staff el
Industrial Patents on Microbes from the South; Deposits in the ATCC
Privatization and patenting of microorganisms is encouraged by WTO TRIPs. RAFI examines the value of microbial markets and microbial biopiracy.
Media Impact Report
Enviado por ETC Staff el
A Conservative Measure of RAFI's Impact: RAFI Publications, Media Coverage, and Presentations
Years covered:
1993-1994
PDF File:
Volume 1, #5 RAFI Challenges W.R. Grace (Agracetus) "Species Patent" on Soybeans at European Patent Office
Enviado por ETC Staff el
This document reviews the year-long controversy over Agracetus's species-wide patent on all genetically modified soybean varieties. In April 1994, with the support of 18 CSOs worldwide, RAFI announced it would formally challenge the patent at the European Patent Office. A summary of RAFI's opposition statement appears here. A 14 page document.
Volume 1, #4 Pirating Medicinal Plants:
Enviado por ETC Staff el
COPs... and Robbers... Transfer-Sourcing Indigenous Knowledge (with Indigenous Peoples' Biodiversity Network)
Pharmaceutical companies dont want to study rare plants. They want to test the most - commonly used species. The valuable medical plants are those with the longest track record in the most location. In a survey of almost 1.000 medical plants used around the world, most of the pharmacologically - (and commercially) interesting species are employed in more than one community, and often, in several countries. This is great news for BioPirates, who can move benevolently from place to place in search of the best deal.
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