Corporations are developing a variety of new mechanisms to secure monopoly control of biotechnology and other emerging technologies. These new mechanisms - what ETC Group refers to as "New Enclosures" - will supplement or even replace intellectual property as a means of strengthening corporate dominance over new technologies. The ETC Group believes it is urgent to examine how non-patent technologies, such as genetic trait control, satellite surveillance, and the re-direction of biosafety regulations could impose monopolies that replace intellectual property as the major means of technology control in the 21st century.
